Nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers are defects in diamond where a carbon atom is replaced by a nitrogen atom, and there's a missing carbon atom (vacancy) next to it. They have unique properties that make them useful for quantum sensing, computing, and even biological imaging.

Researchers found ways to control the number and location of NV centers in diamonds using irradiation and annealing (heating and cooling). The temperature and the direction of the diamond during the process affect how many NV centers are formed and where they are located.

This study offers a refined recipe for creating NV centers in diamonds, paving the way for advancements in quantum technology.