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this post was submitted on 12 Nov 2023
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If it only exposes liquid water in the summer then it's not recording a full year's worth of interaction, seems like a pretty foundational flaw in their method.
As with any proxy methods, they are verified with some other proxies that can be linked directly to reality. For example dendroclimatology - we study tree trunks to see how trees developed over years and we know how that connects to climatological conditions. We don't have hundreds of thousands of years of tree data, but we have enough to verify ice cores. And there are many, many more verification methods like that (for example records of weather phenomena in historic sources). And then all of that is connected in climate models, which can join that data from different sources and which can be again verified in multiple ways.
And even the ice cores themselves are not as simple as ice melting, as there's for example snow that falls every year and gets compressed.
So while climatology is not my favourite science discipline, with the amount of verification and validation they do, I have no problem with trusting climatological findings.
Also, due to winds, currents, and unknown weather patterns from thousands of years ago, you aren't getting an average temperature from across the globe where that ice sample is. You're just getting information from those few months in that area.