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Evolution of C
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this post was submitted on 05 Aug 2024
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Issue is, Rust is not a drop-in replacement for C. The memory safety features are just one part, and since Rust is also a "weakly" functional language, thus its prefered to write such code with it.
Anything that is drop-in replacement for C (or C++ for that matter) is going to be awful because of the same compatibility burden, imo
D is a mostly drop-in replacement (type renaming and such needed though), and it doesn't have that issue. D even has a mode called BetterC, where the D standard library and the garbage collector is left out.
What about Zig?
Oh boy, Zig is just uglier C++ with memory safety, and it still has those awful header files...
IIRC it's garbage collected, so really it's just a version of Java.
It does not use a GC
Apparently, I do not RC. I might have been thinking of Nim. A quick search indicates it's not memory-safe, though. It has a few helpful features to keep errors under control, but that's it.
I was planning to check it out, but don't have any experience yet. I thought it is more of a replacement than drop-in replacement, I may have been wrong
Yeah, it's not a small change. If there was a simpler way to make C memory-safe, it would have been done decades ago. It's just a different language too, which is fair given how much younger it is.
D kind of did that (C pointers are still an option, alongside with the preferred dynamic arrays, which has the memory safety features), and once I've seen a C compiler fork that retroactively added D-style memory safety features, although they also very much insisted on the "const by default" mantra.
I think this is one of those things where there's no "kind of". Pointers were added for a reason, you're probably not going to implement a database very well without them. If you use them, at some scale you're inevitably going to have memory bugs. Technically, if you were to only use hardcoded printfs, C is memory safe too.
We've had compile time sanitizers (-fsanitize=blah in gcc/clang) and runtime sanitizers (valgrind) for ages. I don't know how they stack up against rust's compile time sanitizers, but it's something.
About how an Excel spreadsheet with no formulas stacks up against a corporate accounting suite. Valgrind is how you find the bleeding once you inevitably introduce a memory bug. I don't understand all the fsanitize options, but I'm guessing they aren't a blanket solution, exactly because memory bugs have still been inevitable.
This thread is making me wonder how many people actually understand what Rust does. It rigorously prevents any form of memory error at all in normal code, and unsafe blocks, where needed, tend to be tiny. It makes C segmentation faults look just as goofy as JavaScript type errors.