Aus Sicht der syrischen Bevölkerung habe ich eher weniger Hoffnung.

Ich vermute das ist noch nicht klar wohin das da in Zukunft geht aber wirklich auskennen tue ich mich natürlich nicht.

The formation of HTS was followed by a string of assassinations of its supporters. In response, HTS launched a successful crackdown on Al-Qaeda loyalists, which cemented its power in Idlib. HTS has since been pursuing a "Syrianization" programme; focused on establishing a stable civilian administration that provides services and connects to humanitarian organizations in addition to maintaining law and order.

[...]

After reaching a ceasefire deal brokered by Turkey, HTS turned its attention to destroying Al-Qaeda cells and Islamic State remnants in Idlib.[139] Rivalry between Al-Qaeda aligned Hurras al-Din and Tahrir al-Sham had begun to escalate violently as early as December 2019. In February 2021, HTS intensified its fight against al-Qaeda cells by launching a large-scale crackdown that saw many military commanders and leaders of Hurras al-Din incarcerated.[133] According to Istanbul-based academic Abbas Sharifeh, the measures were part of a strategy by HTS for governance consolidation: "Golani simply does not want any competitors in Idlib, especially from a jihadi current affiliated with al-Qaeda."[133] By 2023 Tahrir al-Sham had eliminated most of the clandestine networks of Al-Qaeda and the Islamic State, disarmed the militias and established total control over Idlib.[139]

U.S. government accuses Tahrir al-Sham of working with al-Qaeda's Syrian branch on a covert level, despite its self-identification as a distinct organisation.[205] Some analysts assert that many of the group's senior figures, particularly Abu Jaber, held similarly extreme views.[147][206] However, Tahrir al-Sham has officially denied being part of al-Qaeda and said in a statement that the group is "an independent entity and not an extension of previous organizations or factions".[1] In his 2021 interview to PBS News, Abu Muhammad al-Julani argued that financial co-operation with Al-Qaeda was necessary to defend Syrians from the tyranny of the Assad regime, and stated that "even at that time when we were with Al Qaeda, we were against external attacks".[149] Clarifying the reasons behind the termination of relations with Al-Qaeda, Julani said:

"[W]hen we saw that the interest of the revolution and the interest of the people of Syria was also to break up from [the] Al Qaeda organization, we initiated this ourselves without pressure from anybody, without anybody talking to us about it or requesting anything. It was an individual, personal initiative based on what we thought was in the public interest that benefits the Syrian revolution."

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tahrir_al-Sham

Leider muss ich Dir zu 100 % recht geben, was die Interessen der außersyrischen Mächte angeht.

Meines Wissens haben Innersyrisch zwei–drei Entwicklungen diesen Speedrun nach Damaskus ermöglicht: Russland und Iran (bzw Hizbollah) sind anderweitig beschäftigt, Assads Armee scheint nicht mal pro forma Widerstand geleistet zu haben, und die verschiedenen Widerstandsgruppen haben erstmals zusammengearbeitet.

Wenn diese Zusammenarbeit einen Plan für die Zeit nach Assads Sturz beinhaltet, und wenn die außersyrischen Kräfte es zulassen, dass sie so einen Plan umsetzen... dann würden die Chancen, dass Syrien zur Ruhe kommt, deutlich steigen – von null auf verschwindend klein, fürchte ich.

Russland hat einige Basen und auch den Hafen bereits geräumt, das wird sich auf Operationen in Afrika auswirken. Und die USA haben verkündet, dass sie sich nicht einmischen wollen. Israel wiederum hat bereits einen Krieg an der Backe. Ich fürchte, dass die Türkei hier richtig absahnt.