It's certainly not the very well-meaning capitalists, the fossil fuel executives who buy our governments, the "defense" industry, or the corporations who produce the products we consume that are driving the ship for a more sustainable and healthy future. It's incompatible with profit, their short-term goals, and their existing industries. Academics and researchers are neutered and mostly silenced and well-meaning individuals who try to effect change are only able to make very small strides to their causes because of the immense resistance our systems engage in to stop progress.

The only way things change is if people start taking personal responsibility, and extend that responsibility and care out to their communities. People who live off-grid/etc. lifestyles are probably more involved than the average person in their local affairs and I do believe they are raising their consciousness about their impact on the world around them and are taking responsibility at a much greater level than the average person.

We outsource our responsibility to people and entities who really don't care if we are poisoned; they just care that their products and solutions sound good on paper and don't sound alarms to those in the know. Like this: https://www.propublica.org/article/3m-forever-chemicals-pfas-pfos-inside-story

Our water is absolutely full of PFAs (remediation is only just beginning to start) and our waste is being used to grow the food we eat https://www.texastribune.org/2024/12/02/texas-farmers-pfas-forever-chemicals-biosolids-fertilizer/ (without proper testing, completely disregarding human health) - I can't imagine it's wonderful even as a soil additive.

There is so much pollution from our practices. When you look at the maps that show pollution, it's really hard to believe that we know about every little bit or even a small fraction when corporations knowingly poison our waterways/etc. en masse like this: https://www.pbs.org/newshour/show/wastewater-from-tyson-meat-processing-plants-is-polluting-u-s-waterways-report-says

As for denser areas like cities, of course some solution or slow evolution will be needed, but I don't think it can't be solved by simply filtering the water better or adding more complexity to broken systems. I think it will take a lot more than that to truly ensure clean water in areas that already are very unhealthy to reside in.

I'd say putting caps and restrictions on what chemicals we can produce (that we cannot meaningfully dispose of) and limiting household and commercial chemical use (because there is no proper way to dispose of them) is the bare minimum. Moving essential industry away from densely populated areas and waterways might also be necessary because these companies cannot be trusted and regulation is broken (or functioning as intended because the cost benefit analysis decides people should just get sick and die instead of corporations losing profit like with asbestos).