I do not know of any such dongle, but I'd like to ask you a question if you don't mind: are you looking for a dongle with open-source firmware, or would a dongle that has its (proprietary) firmware stored in some onboard memory be acceptable?
The second option wouldn't require you to install any proprietary firmware on your computer, but you'd still rely on the proprietary firmware for the device to run. And it might also exist, unlike a dongle with FOSS firmware.
The work profile seems like a better place for that, and it was available since Android 5