Halal is more than just how an animal is treated/slaughtered. That's a big part of it, but there's ethics beyond food. And of course there's interpretation so we'll see variations in meaning from different cultures and people.
My sister in law has a rough time asking for things for herself. She loves her dog. I got her a few dog things; toys, treats, and each one accompanied by a super cheesy dog pun.
Also a Storygraph user. And I'll add in praise for their migration tool that carried over my Goodreads data so I didn't lose my history nor my to-read list.
If we're going to call those R&D (which I have a difficult time calling marketing that but fine for sake of moving discussion further), we loop back to cause of bankruptcy. If a restaurant goes bankrupt from sinking too much $ into developing new recipes, or an insurance company on too much marketing, that's not a cost of R&D problem, that's a mismanagement problem.
So to OPs question of how to make R&D affordable, the answer is to not make stupid investments in excessive R&D that is poorly understood for how likely it is to return the investment. Study the market, identify and mitigate the risks, manage a budget, don't get caught up in the VC tech bubble mindset of "innovate or die" because that is a catchphrase and not an actual business management technique.
Are we getting off track? I think so. My initial point to OP was 1) I don't believe most bankruptcies are caused by R&D investments. And if I'm wrong on that point and it really is as OP says 2) some really stupid business people need to learn not to take so many big risks that they can't survive when the risks materialize.
What do you mean by "companies"? Tech companies? There's way more than that. Restaurants, insurance, real estate, farming, radio stations, schools, book publishing, auto parts dealer, grocery stores, nursing and medical home care, and on and on. What are they R&Ding that would drive them to bankruptcy?
I get the sense OP meant tech companies but didn't say that. That drastically changes their argument/question. It's still quite the claim. Massive amounts of R&D $ is fine so long as there's a way to get it back.
A big mismatch in R&D$ in and profit out is a problem that could lead to bankruptcy. But the $ spent on R&D isn't the root cause, the next "why" is the poor financial management and poor market research that led the company to make bad R&D investments.
But... Why? Why would some Disney muckety muck buy a ton of live lemmings and shove them off a cliff, and put it in a movie?
I would still say citation is needed. Of course if a company's R&D costs balloon large enough they will topple a company. Is that really what's happening in bankruptcies "most of the time"?
On its face that looks like an impossible claim because of the number of bankrupted companies that don't even have R&D.
Many reasons. Searching for opinions and perspectives like you seem to be here. Searching for information and recommendations to resources. Sharing interesting things with friends and family.
most of the time companies go bankrupt because development is expensive
Any research or sources to back such a claim before continuing on to the question? Cursory websearching about top causes of bankruptcy and R&D costs doesn't come up.
Aren't there already some automated mod tools working to delete CSAM and shit? That's a form of AI.
But all moderation problems you identify (work, biases) would not fully go away with AI moderation. Someone has to build and manage those tools (work) and train them on how to moderate (incorporating their biases as they do so).