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submitted 1 year ago by L4s@lemmy.world to c/technology@lemmy.world

Commercial Flights Are Experiencing 'Unthinkable' GPS Attacks and Nobody Knows What to Do::New "spoofing" attacks resulting in total navigation failure have been occurring above the Middle East for months, which is "highly significant" for airline safety.

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[-] cashsky@lemmy.world 179 points 1 year ago* (last edited 1 year ago)

TL:DR: Israel and Iran are the source of the spoofing.

Edited*

[-] NOT_RICK@lemmy.world 46 points 1 year ago

And Iran, according to the article

[-] nixcamic@lemmy.world 48 points 1 year ago* (last edited 1 year ago)

Israel Iran and Russia be like Israel Iran and Russia be like

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[-] gibmiser@lemmy.world 31 points 1 year ago

Wow. The state of Israel is really piling on the reasons to hate it these days.

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[-] newnton@sh.itjust.works 25 points 1 year ago* (last edited 1 year ago)

The article says the spoofing was first recorded in September from Iran, then Israel started doing some after the October Hammas attacks

[-] Rivalarrival@lemmy.today 14 points 1 year ago* (last edited 1 year ago)

Iran has been doing this shit for decades. I'm sure Israel has too.

Basically, they figure out what a GPS receiver would hear if it was receiving signals from a specific location, say "London". They then broadcast those exact signals. Any receiver that hears them now thinks it is in "London".

Start with the aircraft's actual position, and update the spoofed location based where it actually is and and its intended destination, and you can get it to go where you want it.

If the aircraft is trying to fly to London, for example,, and you want it to turn to the east of its track, you start spoofing that it has drifted west on its track to London. The aircraft thinks it is west of London, and turns to the east to get to spoofed-London.

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[-] deweydecibel@lemmy.world 123 points 1 year ago

The planes first received spoofed GPS signals, meaning signals designed to fool planes’ systems into thinking they are flying miles away from their real location. One of the aircraft almost flew into Iranian airspace without permission

Tomorrow Never Dies continues to be bizarrely relevant.

[-] GentlemanLoser@ttrpg.network 17 points 1 year ago

Is that the one with Jonathan Pryce as the villain? That was a good one

[-] deweydecibel@lemmy.world 49 points 1 year ago* (last edited 1 year ago)

Johnathan Pryce as the mad, egocentric head of a mass media and tech empire with an inordinate amount of reach and influence on the world stage, who is chiefly concerned with becoming the sole source of media in a post-CCP China.

Which sounds funny and ridiculous in a 1997 spy movie, but in the last 20 years, we've seen just how much power mass media companies wield, how they can manipulate sizable percentages of a population, and how being the exclusive source of news for an entire country (China, no less) would give a media mogul incredible power and influence.

[-] GentlemanLoser@ttrpg.network 8 points 1 year ago

I'm not nervous, you're nervous

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[-] TWeaK@lemm.ee 52 points 1 year ago

Fucking serves them right, the aviation industry have been buying GPS devices for decades that bleed outside and don't explicitly filter down to their spectrum. There was a satellite internet startup in the US that went through the whole process, bought its spectrum and was ready to launch, then the aviation industry complained and had them shut down because their devices were all shit and "it would be too difficult to change everyone's equipment".

[-] EatATaco@lemm.ee 19 points 1 year ago

Do you have something I can read about this? It's a little vague, so hard for me to search, and it sounds like something I would be interested in. Thanks

[-] TWeaK@lemm.ee 26 points 1 year ago* (last edited 1 year ago)

Pretty sure this is the story, rings true to my memory of the company name starting with "L": https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2011/04/lightsquared-broadband-a-threat-to-gps/

Although this article doesn't cover how the GPS systems used cheap filtering circuits that didn't adequately filter out adjacent frequencies. This was done purely to save money, because there wasn't anything using the adjacent frequencies. As a result, LightSquared went bankrupt in 2012.

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[-] Dettweiler42@lemmyonline.com 46 points 1 year ago

That just means you can't use autoland in low visibility conditions. Modern IRUs (inertial reference unit) are highly accurate laser gyros that can use GPS for correction, but will throw out the data if it doesn't make sense. Navigation won't be affected much, and autoland (if used) will still rely on VHF guidance.

[-] Delogrand@lemmy.world 30 points 1 year ago

Modern IRUs also take input from multiple sources (GPS, Navaids) to update their drift error. With spoofed GPS, bad drift corrections are made and when the navigation solution eventually fails the IRU is just as unusable.

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[-] someguy3@lemmy.world 8 points 1 year ago

How do IRUs work do to give you location?

[-] dhork@lemmy.world 17 points 1 year ago

Imagine you can't see or hear anything but you can read a compass, and you have an internal map of your house and neighborhood. You also know how long your steps are with some amount of accuracy. You would probably be able to get out of your house and maybe to the corner store, but the inaccuracies in your compass and distance estimation would add up over time, and on a long walk you might overshoot the sidewalk and walk down the middle of a busy street by mistake.

[-] scarabic@lemmy.world 13 points 1 year ago

“Give me a stopwatch and a map and I’ll fly the Alps in a plane with no windows?”

This was supposed to be a wild boast by the Russian navigator in Hunt for Red October but is apparently now standard piloting procedure.

[-] Maudfer@lemmy.world 15 points 1 year ago

They know where you took off from, and can detect your movement with precision.

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[-] BarrelAgedBoredom@lemm.ee 13 points 1 year ago

It's knows where it was and where it isn't

[-] thehatfox@lemmy.world 8 points 1 year ago

They use gyroscopes and accelerometers to measure the aircrafts movement from the starting position at takeoff. That can then be used to plot the course the aircraft has taken to show the current location.

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[-] redcalcium@lemmy.institute 8 points 1 year ago

But the article mentioned that "the spoofing corrupts the Inertial Reference System". How?

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[-] cmnybo@discuss.tchncs.de 33 points 1 year ago

We need a backup for GPS. LORAN should never have been shut down.

[-] Dimand@lemmy.world 12 points 1 year ago* (last edited 1 year ago)

I can't see how omega and similar were not just as susceptible to this type of attack. Active outside in positioning almost always has this vulnerability.

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[-] firewyre@lemmy.world 27 points 1 year ago

Yet another reason to avoid the middle east

[-] AlijahTheMediocre@lemmy.world 26 points 1 year ago

I've got an idea, how bout stop using the same technology from 20 years ago?

[-] chuck@lemmy.ca 13 points 1 year ago* (last edited 1 year ago)

Huh what do you propose then, go back to the 1960s and ensure they are only using VOR and DME ground equipment. There isn't a check sum to check on GPS/GNSS it just a bunch of satellites broadcasting what they think is the correct time. If you jam those and replace them with signals close enough but wrong values you can trick the math that's used inside the GPS/GNSS receiver that computes the the position (and velocity), and it looks like this signal can be introduced slow enough to trick the receiver in real-world applications. One trick to protect yourself is to ensure the signals you receive are from the direction you expect but we aren't going to attach directional antennas on every face of a civilian aircraft, to ensure the strongest signal is from the top of the plane and not the bottom. Essentially civil navigation equipment isn't supposed to be messed with and if it is authorities are supposed to go over and arrest and fine the idiots doing things over the radio they shouldnt. When the bad guy is a government well yea I guess that plan doesn't work and governing bodies such as ICAO should impose penalties like no commerical aircraft from companies from those countries are not allowed elsewhere.

[-] oatscoop@midwest.social 21 points 1 year ago

That's one way to do it.

Or avionics companies could sell modern equipment that uses multiple constellations (GPS, GLONASS, Galileo), is capable of acquiring more satellites at a time than a 20 year old system, and has basic jamming protection like ignoring spurious signals. You know: like consumer devices have been doing for years.

Then the commercial operators could install them in their aircraft.

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[-] thehatfox@lemmy.world 25 points 1 year ago

This sounds rather dangerous. GPS was originally opened up to civilian use for the purpose of keeping flights on course, after the disaster of Korean Air Flight 007 straying into Soviet airspace and being shot down back in the 1980s.

I can't understand what is to be gained by deliberately trying to knock civilian airliners off course.

[-] Forester@yiffit.net 20 points 1 year ago* (last edited 1 year ago)

GPS guided drone attacks. Civilian GPS top out at 300 m a second. Anything beyond that is a missile and GPS refuses to work unless you have one of the special government GPS chips without the limiter.

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[-] astray@lemm.ee 22 points 1 year ago

What about GLONASS, Galilleo, or BDS? Are they all being equally jammed? Why wouldn’t they sync with all of them and use a consensus to determine accuracy? Like having multiple ntp servers.

[-] CaptainBuckleroy@lemm.ee 19 points 1 year ago

The latest generations of gnss receivers have spoofing and jamming mitigation and detection features included with the chip, and multi-band rx technology to sync to more constellations simultaneously and do exactly what you're talking about. Before then, the spoofing/jamming detection would likely need a software implementation after the receiver. There are different types of spoofing/jamming, all of which are detected and mitigated in different ways.

I don't know the commercial aircraft industry standards for updating technology, but I wouldn't be surprised if most commercial aircraft don't have what you're talking about.

[-] nixcamic@lemmy.world 19 points 1 year ago

Do none of the systems, GPS, glonass etc. use encryption or authentication of any form?

[-] AreaKode@lemmy.world 14 points 1 year ago

The problem is with the way GPS works. Your device gets telemetry from the satellites. A fake signal can screw up the whole system.

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[-] Lafrack@lemmy.world 13 points 1 year ago

Yes Galileo supports encryption. But as far as I know it's not in use. Has been trialled only. But I know all Airbus aircraft only support GPS satellites and nothing else (yet). I assume Boeing, being American would be the same then.

As far as solutions go, an aircraft can navigate fine without GPS. It can update its position from ground navigation aids and if they are not available it can still Dead Reckon very well. The navigation error very slowly grows until it's out of the black spot and can use GPS or navigation aid to increase its accuracy. But this navigation error on the time frame of say an hour is a matter of kilometers at most, not dozens.

[-] SeriousBug@infosec.pub 11 points 1 year ago

Nope. And more importantly, it looks like nobody considered what might happen if the signal gets spoofed. The backup systems that are supposed to keep working if GPS breaks also break due to these spoofed signals.

[-] Ajen@sh.itjust.works 10 points 1 year ago

GPS is encrypted, it's just that the US military won't share the encryption keys so the rest of us have to use the unencrypted channels. They've clearly thought about it and decided against making it public.

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[-] KingThrillgore@lemmy.ml 8 points 1 year ago

I generally don't believe in an isolationist American policy except for Israel. They always drag us into stupid shit like this.

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this post was submitted on 23 Nov 2023
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